Sim References

The body of academic literature on medical simulation is extensive. The following list includes several seminal and ground-breaking resources. It can be searched with your browser’s search function.

AAMI: Human Factors Engineering Guidelines and Preferred Practices for the Design of Medical Devices. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation 1988: 35-77
Abrahamson S: Sim One--a patient simulator ahead of its time. Caduceus 1997; 13: 29-41
Abrahamson S: Human simulation for training in anesthesiology, Medical Physics. Edited by Glasser, 1970
Abrahamson S, Denson J, Wolf R: Effectiveness of a simulator in training anesthesiology residents. J Med Educ 1969; 44: 515-519
Abrahamson S, Denson J, Wolf R: A computer-based patient simulator for training anesthesiologists. Educational Technol 1969; 9
Abrahamson S, Denson JS, Wolf RM: Effectiveness of a simulator in training anesthesiology residents. 1969. Qual Saf Health Care 2004; 13: 395-7
Acosta E, Temkin B, Griswold JA, Deeb SA, Krummel T, Haluck RS, Kavoussi LR: Heuristic haptic texture for surgical simulations. Stud Health Technol Inform 2002; 85: 14-6
Aggarwal R, Moorthy K, Darzi A: Laparoscopic skills training and assessment. Br J Surg 2004; 91: 1549-58
Aggarwal R, Undre S, Moorthy K, Vincent C, Darzi A: The simulated operating theatre: comprehensive training for surgical teams. Qual Saf Health Care 2004; 13 Suppl 1: i27-32
Agutter J, Drews F, Syroid N, Westneskow D, Albert R, Strayer D, Bermudez J, Weinger MB: Evaluation of graphic cardiovascular display in a high-fidelity simulator. Anesth Analg 2003; 97: 1403-13
Ahn WJ, Lee DY: Interactive haptic modeling of colon and colonoscope. Stud Health Technol Inform 2004; 98: 1-3
Alinier G: Nursing students' and lecturers' perspectives of objective structured clinical examination incorporating simulation. Nurse Educ Today 2003; 23: 419-26
Alinier G, Gordon R, Hunt B: Effectiveness of the use of simualtion in nurse education: Study design & intitial results, International Meeting on Medical Simulation. San Diego, CA, 2003
Allen J, Evans A: Simulated surgery. Br J Gen Pract 1998; 48: 1702
Allen J, Evans A, Foulkes J, French A: Simulated surgery in the summative assessment of general practice training: results of a trial in the Trent and Yorkshire regions. Br J Gen Pract 1998; 48: 1219-23
Al-Yousuf NH: The clinical skills laboratory as a learning tool for medical students and health professionals. Saudi Med J 2004; 25: 549-51
Amori G: Disclosure Skills Training. Risk Management Foundation Harvard Medical Institutions 2003; 23: 16-17
Ang M: Advanced communication skills: conflict management and persuasion. Acad Med 2002; 77: 1166
Anonymous: Critical events team training improves performance in crisis situations. Perform Improv Advis 2004; 8: 42-4, 37
Anonymous: From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Nosocomial poisoning associated with emergency department treatment of organophosphate toxicity--Georgia, 2000. Jama 2001; 285: 527-8
Argyris C, Putnam R, Smith DM: Action science: Concepts, methods, and skills for research and intervention. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1985
Armstrong-Brown A, Devitt JH, Kurrek M, Cohen M: Inadequate preanesthesia equipment checks in a simulator. Can J Anaesth 2000; 47: 974-9
Army U: Vesicants: Mustard, Lewisite, Phosgene Oxime. 2001
Army U: Pulmonary Agents. 2001
Army U: Nerve Agents. Field Management of Chemical Casualties Handbook 2001
Army U: Cyanide AC, CK. 2001
Austin J, Riley J, Calkins J: Competency assessment and analysis of cardiovascular perfusionists using a scenario-based cardiopulmonary bypass simulator, International Meeting on Medical Simulation. San Diego, CA, 2003
Backstein D, Reznick R: Standardised patients and teleconferencing for CME: combining innovative ideas. Med Educ 2003; 37: 1066-7
Bacon DR: The History of Bioterrorism: An Overview. ASA 2002; 66: 6-7
Bagian JP, Lee C, Gosbee J, DeRosier J, Stalhandske E, Eldridge N, Williams R, Burkhardt M: Developing and deploying a patient safety program in a large health care delivery system: you can't fix what you don't know about. Jt Comm J Qual Improv 2001; 27: 522-32
Banja J: Error? What Error? The Role of Rationalization in Concealing Medical Error. Risk Management Foundation Harvard Medical Institutions 2003; 23: 4-7
Barach P, Satish U, Streufert S: Healthcare assessment and performance: using simulation. Simulation and Gaming 2001; 32: 147-155
Barrett J, Gifford C, Morey J, Risser D, Salisbury M: Enhancing patient safety through teamwork training. J Healthc Risk Manag 2001; 21: 57-65
Barry S: ALARIC: preliminary system for computer-aided diagnosis of intraoperative hypotension. Anesthesiology 1983; 59: A480
Barsuk D, Berkenstadt H, Stein M, Lin G, Ziv A: [Advanced patient simulators in pre-hospital trauma management training--the trainees' perspective]. Harefuah 2003; 142: 87-90, 160
Bartlett EE: Physicians' cognitive errors and their liability consequences. J Healthc Risk Manag 1998; 18: 62-9
Bartlett EE, Holman KI: Reducing malpractice risk and increasing quality in managed care. Manag Care Interface 1998; 11: 68-72
Basdogan C, De S, Kim J, Muniyandi M, Kim H, Srinivasan MA: Haptics in minimally invasive surgical simulation and training. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 2004; 24: 56-64
Battles JB, Wilkinson SL, Lee SJ: Using standardised patients in an objective structured clinical examination as a patient safety tool. Qual Saf Health Care 2004; 13 Suppl 1: i46-50
Baum A, Singer J: Methods and environmental psychology, Advances in Environmental Psychology. Hillsdale, New Jersey, 1985
Baumann R, Glauser D, Tappy D, Baur C, Clavel R: Force Feedback for Virtual Reality Based Minimally Invasive Surgery Simulator. Health Care in the Information Age 1996
Beard R, Salas E, Prince C: Enhancing transfer of training: using role-play to foster teamwork in the cockpit. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology 1995; 5: 131-43
Beeman L, Skartwed R: Application of human simulation in the evaluation of critical care nursing competency, International Meeting on Medical Simulation. San Diego, CA, 2003
Beeman L, Skartwed R: The use of simulation to facilitate experiential learning related to advanced ventilator strategies in critical care nurses, International Meeting on Medical Simulation. San Diego, CA, 2003
Bell DS, Fonarow GC, Hays RD, Mangione CM: Self-study from web-based and printed guideline materials. A randomized, controlled trial among resident physicians. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132: 938-46
Beneken JE, Gravenstein N, Gravenstein JS, van der Aa JJ, Lampotang S: Capnography and the Bain circuit I: A computer model. J Clin Monit 1985; 1: 103-13
Beneken JE, Gravenstein N, Lampotang S, van der Aa JJ, Gravenstein JS: Capnography and the Bain circuit II: Validation of a computer model. J Clin Monit 1987; 3: 165-77
Benumof JL: Laryngeal mask airway and the ASA difficult airway algorithm. Anesthesiology 1996; 84: 686-99
Benumof JL: Management of the difficult adult airway. With special emphasis on awake tracheal intubation. Anesthesiology 1991; 75: 1087-110
Benumof JL, Scheller MS: The importance of transtracheal jet ventilation in the management of the difficult airway. Anesthesiology 1989; 71: 769-78
Berden B: Resuscitation rules. Bmj 2000; 320: 1545A
Berden HJ, Willems FF, Hendrick JM, Pijls NH, Knape JT: How frequently should basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation training be repeated to maintain adequate skills? Bmj 1993; 306: 1576-7
Berkenstadt H, Ziv A, Barsuk D, Levine I, Cohen A, Vardi A: The use of advanced simulation in the training of anesthesiologists to treat chemical warfare casualties. Anesth Analg 2003; 96: 1739-42, table of contents
Berman S: Individual Lifetime Achievement: Jeffrey B. Cooper, PhD. Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Safety 2003; 29: 625-633
Bermann M: Effective use of human simulators in surgical education, International Meeting on Medical Simulation. San Diego, CA, 2003
Bermann M, Chen B, Kushins L: The human patient simulator; a new communication tool? International Meeting on Medical Simulation. Scottsdale, AZ, 2001
Berry W: I'm a Surgeon, Not a Teammate. Risk Management Foundation Harvard Medical Institutions 2003; 23: 16-18
Berwick D: Invisible Injuries: We need a better system for tracking and preventing medical errors. The Washington Post 2003
Berwick DM, Leape LL: Reducing errors in medicine. Bmj 1999; 319: 136-7
Betzendoerfer D: TOMS: Team oriented medical simulation: briefing, simulation, debriefing. The Anesthesia Simulator as an Educational Tool 1995: 51-55
Beuret P, Feihl F, Vogt P, Perret A, Romand JA, Perret C: Cardiac arrest: prognostic factors and outcome at one year. Resuscitation 1993; 25: 171-9
Beyea SC: Human patient simulation: a teaching strategy. Aorn J 2004; 80: 738, 741-2
Billings CE, Demosthenes T, White TR, O'Hara DB: Effects of alcohol on pilot performance in simulated flight. Aviat Space Environ Med 1991; 62: 233-5
Billings CE, Reynard WD: Human factors in aircraft incidents: results of a 7-year study. Aviat Space Environ Med 1984; 55: 960-5
Birnbach DJ, Santos AC, Bourlier RA, Meadows WE, Datta S, Stein DJ, Kuroda MM, Thys DM: The effectiveness of video technology as an adjunct to teach and evaluate epidural anesthesia performance skills. Anesthesiology 2002; 96: 5-9
Blackburn T, Sadler C: The role of human patient simulators in health-care training. Hosp Med 2003; 64: 677-81
Blike G, Whalen K, Jensen J: Impact of data display format on situation awareness during simulated critical events, Society for Technology in Anesthesia Annual Meeting. San Diego, CA, 1999
Block EF, Lottenberg L, Flint L, Jakobsen J, Liebnitzky D: Use of a human patient simulator for the advanced trauma life support course. Am Surg 2002; 68: 648-51
Blum R, Cooper JB, Feinstein D, Raemer D, Russell R, Sunder N: Sustaining development of crisis resource management training for academic faculty: a new approach to continuing education. Anesth Analg 2003; 97: S10
Blum R, Holzman R, Cooper J, Raemer D: ACRM improves OR crisis skills at 6 months, New York Post Graduate Assembly. New York, NY, 1997
Blum R, Raemer D, Carroll J, Dufresne R, Cooper J: A Method for Measuring the Effectiveness of Team Based Training for Improving Communication Skills. Anesth Analg 2005
Blum R, Raemer D, Carroll J, Dufresne R, Cooper JB: The probe methodology for measurment of team information sharing in the simulated environment. Anesth Analg 2003; 97: S10
Blum RH: Assessing team information sharing: the development and validation of a measurement tool utilizing a simulated anesthesia environment, Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation Grant Program, 2002
Blum RH, Raemer DB, Carroll JS, Sunder N, Felstein DM, Cooper JB: Crisis resource management training for an anaesthesia faculty: a new approach to continuing education. Med Educ 2004; 38: 45-55
Boin A, Lagadec P: Preparing for the future: critical challenges in crisis management. Blackwell Publisher LTD. 2000; 8: 185-191
Bond W, Deitrick L, Kostenbader M, Worrilow C: Using human patient simulation to instruct emergency medicine residents in cognitive forcing strategies, International Meeting on Medical Simulation. San Diego, CA, 2003
Bond WF, Deitrick LM, Arnold DC, Kostenbader M, Barr GC, Kimmel SR, Worrilow CC: Using simulation to instruct emergency medicine residents in cognitive forcing strategies. Acad Med 2004; 79: 438-46
Bond WF, Kostenbader M, McCarthy JF: Prehospital and hospital-based health care providers' experience with a human patient simulator. Prehosp Emerg Care 2001; 5: 284-7
Bond WF, Spillane L: The use of simulation for emergency medicine resident assessment. Acad Emerg Med 2002; 9: 1295-9
Botman JM, Arps H, Westenskow DR: A bolus plus continuous infusion protocol for controlling neuromuscular blockade during anesthesia. Int J Clin Monit Comput 1995; 12: 89-95
Botney R, Gaba D, Howard S, Jump B: The role of fixation error in preventing the detection and correction of a simulated volatile anesthetic overdose. Anesthesiology 1993; 79: A1115
Botney R, Gaba DM, Howard SK: Anesthesiologist performance during a simulated loss of pipeline oxygen. Anesthesiology 1993; 79: A1118
Boulet JR, Ben-David MF, Ziv A, Burdick WP, Curtis M, Peitzman S, Gary NE: Using standardized patients to assess the interpersonal skills of physicians. Acad Med 1998; 73: S94-6
Boulet JR, Murray D, Kras J, Woodhouse J, McAllister J, Ziv A: Reliability and validity of a simulation-based acute care skills assessment for medical students and residents. Anesthesiology 2003; 99: 1270-80
Bowers C, Jentsch F, Salas E: Establishing aircrew competencies: a comprehensive approach for identifying CRM training needs, pp 67-83
Bowers C, Thornton C, Braun C, Morgan BB, Jr., Salas E: Automation, task difficulty, and aircrew performance. Mil Psychol 1998; 10: 259-74
Bowers CA, C B, B KP: Communication and team situational awareness, Situational Awareness in Complex Systems, 1994, pp 305-11
Bradley P, Postlethwaite K: Simulation in clinical learning. Med Educ 2003; 37 Suppl 1: 1-5
Brannick MT, Prince A, Prince C, Salas E: The measurement of team process. Hum Factors 1995; 37: 641-51
Brennan TA: The Institute of Medicine report on medical errors--could it do harm? N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1123-5
Brennan TA, Leape LL, Laird NM, Hebert L, Localio AR, Lawthers AG, Newhouse JP, Weiler PC, Hiatt HH: Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients. Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study I. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 370-6
Brennan TA, Localio AR, Leape LL, Laird NM, Peterson L, Hiatt HH, Barnes BA: Identification of adverse events occurring during hospitalization. A cross-sectional study of litigation, quality assurance, and medical records at two teaching hospitals. Ann Intern Med 1990; 112: 221-6
Bridges M, Diamond DL: The financial impact of teaching surgical residents in the operating room. Am J Surg 1999; 177: 28-32
briefings c: How to unlock the power of teamwork. Alexandria, VA, 1994
Bringelson L, Pettitt M, Dunlap J: Reducing human error by increasing team effectiveness: crew resource management in medical environment,
Brown G: Should we use anesthesia simulators? The con side. Inspirations The Anesthesia Residents' Quarterly 2000; 3: 5-9
Brown RL, Carter WB, Gordon MJ: Diagnosis of alcoholism in a simulated patient encounter by primary care physicians. J Fam Pract 1987; 25: 259-64
Bruce S, Bridges EJ, Holcomb JB: Preparing to respond: Joint Trauma Training Center and USAF Nursing Warskills Simulation Laboratory. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2003; 15: 149-62
Buist MD, Moore GE, Bernard SA, Waxman BP, Anderson JN, Nguyen TV: Effects of a medical emergency team on reduction of incidence of and mortality from unexpected cardiac arrests in hospital: preliminary study. Bmj 2002; 324: 387-90
Burd A, Cheung KW, Ho WS, Wong TW, Ying SY, Cheng PH: Before the paradigm shift: concepts and communication between doctors and nurses in a burns team. Burns 2002; 28: 691-5
Burke CS, Salas E, Wilson-Donnelly K, Priest H: How to turn a team of experts into an expert medical team: guidance from the aviation and military communities. Qual Saf Health Care 2004; 13 Suppl 1: i96-104
Burns JP, Edwards J, Johnson J, Cassem NH, Truog RD: Do-not-resuscitate order after 25 years. Crit Care Med 2003; 31: 1543-50
Byrne AJ: Anaesthetic simulators. Br J Anaesth 1994; 73: 867
Byrne AJ, Greaves JD: Assessment instruments used during anaesthetic simulation: review of published studies. Br J Anaesth 2001; 86: 445-50
Byrne AJ, Hilton PJ, Lunn JN: Basic simulations for anaesthetists. A pilot study of the ACCESS system. Anaesthesia 1994; 49: 376-81
Byrne AJ, Jones JG: The expanding role of simulators in risk management. Br J Anaesth 1997; 79: 411
Byrne AJ, Jones JG: Inaccurate reporting of simulated critical anaesthetic incidents. Br J Anaesth 1997; 78: 637-41
Byrne AJ, Jones JG: Responses to simulated anaesthetic emergencies by anaesthetists with different durations of clinical experience. Br J Anaesth 1997; 78: 553-6
Byrne AJ, Sellen AJ, Jones JG: Errors on anaesthetic record charts as a measure of anaesthetic performance during simulated critical incidents. Br J Anaesth 1998; 80: 58-62
Byrne AJ, Sellen AJ, Jones JG, Aitkenhead AR, Hussain S, Gilder F, Smith HL, Ribes P: Effect of videotape feedback on anaesthetists' performance while managing simulated anaesthetic crises: a multicentre study. Anaesthesia 2002; 57: 176-9
Candler C, Andrews MD: Technology in medical education: how the OU College of Medicine has used technology to enhance the medical education experience. J Okla State Med Assoc 2004; 97: 8-10
Carroll J, Hatakenaka S: Developing a safety conscious work environment at Millstone nuclear power station, pp 1-22
Carroll JS, Edmondson AC: Leading organisational learning in health care. Qual Saf Health Care 2002; 11: 51-6
Carroll JS, Quijada MA: Redirecting traditional professional values to support safety: changing organisational culture in health care. Qual Saf Health Care 2004; 13 Suppl 2: ii16-ii21
Carroll JS, Rudolph JW, Hatakenaka S: Lessons learned from non-medical industries: root cause analysis as culture change at a chemical plant. Qual Saf Health Care 2002; 11: 266-9
Carter DF: Man-made man: anesthesiological medical human simulator. J Assoc Adv Med Instrum 1969; 3: 80-6
Carthey J, de Leval MR, Reason JT: Institutional resilience in healthcare systems. Qual Health Care 2001; 10: 29-32
Carthey J, de Leval MR, Wright DJ, Farewell VT, Reason JT, etal: Behavioural markers of surgical excellence. Safety Science 2003; 41: 409-425
Carthey J, Woodward S, Adams S, Fletcher M, Rejman M: Patient safety. Safe and sound. Health Serv J 2003; 113: suppl 2-6
Caversaccio M, Eichenberger A, Hausler R: Virtual simulator as a training tool for endonasal surgery. Am J Rhinol 2003; 17: 283-90
Champion HR, Gallagher AG: Surgical simulation - a 'good idea whose time has come'. Br J Surg 2003; 90: 767-8
Chee WK, Benumof JL: Airway fire during tracheostomy: extubation may be contraindicated. Anesthesiology 1998; 89: 1576-8
Chopra V, Engbers FH, Geerts MJ, Filet WR, Bovill JG, Spierdijk J: The Leiden anaesthesia simulator. Br J Anaesth 1994; 73: 287-92
Chopra V, Gesink BJ, de Jong J, Bovill JG, Spierdijk J, Brand R: Does training on an anaesthesia simulator lead to improvement in performance? Br J Anaesth 1994; 73: 293-7
Christensen C, Overdorf M: Meeting the Challenge of Disruptive Challenge. Harvard Business Review 2000: 67-76
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Christensen UJ, Heffernan D, Andersen SF, Jensen PF: ResusSim 98--a PC advanced life support trainer. Resuscitation 1998; 39: 81-4
Christensen UJ, Heffernan D, Barach P: Microsimulators in medical education: An overview. Simulation & Gaming 2001; 32: 250-262
Cleave-Hogg D, Morgan PJ: Experiential learning in an anaesthesia simulation centre: analysis of students' comments. Med Teach 2002; 24: 23-6
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Clyne B, Gutman D, Sutton E, Kobayashi L, Spitalnic S, Jay GD, Shapiro M: Oral Board versus High Fidelity Simulation for Competency Assessment: Senior Emergency Medicine Resident Management of an Acute Coronary Syndrome. Anesth Analg 2004; 98: S20
Colliver JA, Swartz MH: Assessing clinical performance with standardized patients. Jama 1997; 278: 790-1
Conrad N: Health Care, We Have a Problem. Risk Management Foundation Harvard Medical Institutions 2003; 23: 14-15
Constantinou P, Mather R, Dev P: The interactive image tool: adding structure to images. Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care 1995: 508-11
Cook R, Block F, McDonald J: Cascade of monitor detection in anesthetic disasters. Anesthesiology 1988; 69: A277
Cook R, Johannesen L, Woods D: Communications between problem solvers: grounding explanations in evolving operating room situations. Anesthesiology 1995; 83: A1051
Cook R, McDonald J: Cognitive tunnel vision in the operating room: analysis of cases using a frame model. Anesthesiology 1988; 69: A497
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Cook RI, Woods DD: Adapting to new technology in the operating room. Hum Factors 1996; 38: 593-613
Cook RI, Woods DD, Howie MB, Horrow JC, Gaba DM: Case 2-1992. Unintentional delivery of vasoactive drugs with an electromechanical infusion device. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1992; 6: 238-44
Cooke NJ, Salas E, Cannon-Bowers JA, Stout RJ: Measuring team knowledge. Hum Factors 2000; 42: 151-73
Coonan K: Comparison of computer based and patient simulator based crisis. Anesth Analg 2003; 96: 1236
Cooper J: Simulation center happenings, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Newsletter, Massachusetts General Hospital, 2001, pp 4
Cooper JB: Are simulation and didactic crisis resource management (CRM) training synergistic? Qual Saf Health Care 2004; 13: 413-4
Cooper JB: John M. Eisenberg Patient Safety Awards. Individual lifetime achievement: Jeffrey B. Cooper, Ph.D., Massachusetts General Hospital. Interview by Steven Berman. Jt Comm J Qual Saf 2003; 29: 625-33
Cooper JB: Developing a culture of safety. Biomed Instrum Technol 2003; 37: 212-4
Cooper JB, Barron D, Blum R, Davison JK, Feinstein D, Halasz J, Raemer D, Russell R: Video teleconferencing with realistic simulation for medical education. J Clin Anesth 2000; 12: 256-61
Cooper JB, Cullen DJ, Eichhorn JH, Philip JH, Holzman RS: Administrative guidelines for response to an adverse anesthesia event. The Risk Management Committee of the Harvard Medical School's Department of Anaesthesia. J Clin Anesth 1993; 5: 79-84
Cooper JB, Gaba D: No myth: anesthesia is a model for addressing patient safety. Anesthesiology 2002; 97: 1335-7
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Cooper JB, Gaba DM, Liang B, Woods D, Blum LN: The National Patient Safety Foundation agenda for research and development in patient safety. MedGenMed 2000; 2: E38
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Cooper JB, Taqueti VR: A brief history of the development of mannequin simulators for clinical education and training. Qual Saf Health Care 2004; 13 Suppl 1: i11-8
Cooper JB, Vogt J, Simon R, Raemer D: Team Training for Healthcare Administrators Using Full Environment Simulation. Anesth Analg 2004; 98: S21
Cooper RL, Meara ME: The organizational huddle process--optimum results through collaboration. Health Care Manag (Frederick) 2002; 21: 12-6
Cosby KS, Croskerry P: Profiles in patient safety: authority gradients in medical error. Acad Emerg Med 2004; 11: 1341-5
Cosby KS, Croskerry P: Patient safety: a curriculum for teaching patient safety in emergency medicine. Acad Emerg Med 2003; 10: 69-78
Cotin S, Dawson SL, Meglan D, Shaffer DW, Ferrell MA, Bardsley RS, Morgan FM, Nagano T, Nikom J, Sherman P, Walterman MT, Wendlandt J: ICTS, an interventional cardiology training system. Stud Health Technol Inform 2000; 70: 59-65
Cotin S, Delingette H, Ayache N: Real-time elastic deformations of soft tissues for surgery simulation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1999; 5
Cotin S, Delingette H, Bro-Nielsen M, Ayache N, Clement JM, Tassetti V, Marescaux J: Geometric and physical representations for a simulator of hepatic surgery. Stud Health Technol Inform 1996; 29: 139-51
Coursin DB, Ketzler JT, Jumar A, Maki DG: Bioterrorism May Overwhelm Medical Resources New and Different Patient Safety Challenges Must be Anticipated. APSF 2002; 17: 4-8
Cox S, Flin R: Safety culture: philosopher's stone or man of straw? Work & Stress, 1998, pp 189-201
Crawford SW, Colt HG: Virtual reality and written assessments are of potential value to determine knowledge and skill in flexible bronchoscopy. Respiration 2004; 71: 269-75
Crookall D, Zhou M: Medical and healthcare simulation: Symposium overview. Simulation and Gaming 2001; 32: 142-1465
Crosby ET, Cooper RM, Douglas MJ, Doyle DJ, Hung OR, Labrecque P, Muir H, Murphy MF, Preston RP, Rose DK, Roy L: The unanticipated difficult airway with recommendations for management. Can J Anaesth 1998; 45: 757-76
Crothers IR, Gallagher AG, McClure N, James DT, McGuigan J: Experienced laparoscopic surgeons are automated to the "fulcrum effect": an ergonomic demonstration. Endoscopy 1999; 31: 365-9
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Cunningham R: Simulating reality with Immersion Medical. Interview by Semahat S. Demir. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 2003; 22: 11-3
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Cyr RM: Improving resident competency in the management of shoulder dystocia with simulation training. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 104: 633-4; author reply 634-5
D'Alessandro MP, Galvin JR, Erkonen WE, Albanese MA, Michaelsen VE, Huntley JS, McBurney RM, Easley G: The instructional effectiveness of a radiology multimedia textbook (HyperLung) versus a standard lecture. Invest Radiol 1993; 28: 643-8
Dalley P, Robinson B, Weller J, Caldwell C: The use of high-fidelity human patient simulation and the introduction of new anesthesia delivery systems. Anesth Analg 2004; 99: 1737-41, table of contents
Datta V, Bann S, Beard J, Mandalia M, Darzi A: Comparison of bench test evaluations of surgical skill with live operating performance assessments. J Am Coll Surg 2004; 199: 603-6
Davies JM, Helmreich RL: Virtual reality in medical training. Cmaj 1997; 157: 1352-3
Davies JM, Helmreich RL: Simulation: it's a start. Can J Anaesth 1996; 43: 425-9
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Dawson SL, Cotin S, Meglan D, Shaffer DW, Ferrell MA: Designing a computer-based simulator for interventional cardiology training. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2000; 51: 522-7
de Beer NA, van Meurs WL, Grit MB, Good ML, Gravenstein D: Educational simulation of the electroencephalogram (EEG). Technol Health Care 2001; 9: 237-56
De Champlain AF, MacMillan MK, King AM, Klass DJ, Margolis MJ: Assessing the impacts of intra-site and inter-site checklist recording discrepancies on the reliability of scores obtained in a nationally administered standardized patient examination. Acad Med 1999; 74: S52-4
De Champlain AF, Macmillan MK, Margolis MJ, King AM, Klass DJ: Do discrepancies in standardized patients' checklist recording affect case and examination mastery-level decisions? Acad Med 1998; 73: S75-7
De Champlain AF, Margolis MJ, King A, Klass DJ: Standardized patients' accuracy in recording examinees' behaviors using checklists. Acad Med 1997; 72: S85-7
DeAnda A, Gaba DM: Unplanned incidents during comprehensive anesthesia simulation. Anesth Analg 1990; 71: 77-82
DeAnda A, Gaba DM: Role of experience in the response to simulated critical incidents. Anesth Analg 1991; 72: 308-15
Deering S, Poggi S, Hodor J, Macedonia C, Satin AJ: Evaluation of residents' delivery notes after a simulated shoulder dystocia. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 104: 667-70
Deering S, Poggi S, Macedonia C, Gherman R, Satin AJ: Improving resident competency in the management of shoulder dystocia with simulation training. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 103: 1224-8
Delingette H, Cotin S, Ayache N: Efficient linear elastic models of soft tissues for real-time surgery simulation. Stud Health Technol Inform 1999; 62: 100-1
Delson NJ, Koussa N, Hastings RH, Weinger MB: Quantifying expert vs. novice skill in vivo for development of a laryngoscopy simulator. Stud Health Technol Inform 2003; 94: 45-51
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